http://udn.com/NEWS/OPINION/OPI4/6784944.shtml
洪蘭：快樂的小事 幸福的能量
【聯合報╱洪蘭】 2011.12.16 01:42 am
最近不丹國王去日本訪問，帶給日本國民很大震撼，不丹雖然物資享受不高，但是百分之九十七的人民認為自己很幸福，相反的，日本的國民所得超過四萬美元，每年卻有三萬國民自殺，所以日本政府宣布以後不再以ＧＤＰ為基準，改為調查人民的幸福指數。
My comments: As the saying goes, "Happiness lies in contentment."
很多人都誤以為金錢就等於幸福，其實不然。很多有錢人活得並不快樂，最顯著的例子就是美國的休斯（Howard Hughes），他富可敵國，卻活得非常痛苦，他有嚴重的強迫症，害怕細菌，害怕傳染，不敢跟人接觸，什麼都不敢吃，最後可以說是餓死的。最近十年來，心理學開始研究幸福感：人如何才能感到幸福？構成幸福的條件又是什麼？
MY comments: If you are curious about this tycoon, you can either visit Wikepedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Hughes) or Reader's Digest Australia (http://www.readersdigest.com.au/howard-hughes/)
The following is a brief introduction of him from Wikipedia:
"Howard Robard Hughes, Jr. (December 24, 1905 – April 5, 1976) was an American business magnate, investor, aviator, engineer, film producer, director, and philanthropist. He was one of the wealthiest people in the world. He gained prominence from the late 1920s as a maverick film producer, making big-budget and often controversial films like The Racket (1928), Hell's Angels (1930), Scarface (1932), and The Outlaw (1943). Hughes was one of the most influential aviators in history; he set multiple world air-speed records, built the Hughes H-1 Racer and H-4 "Hercules" (better known to history as the "Spruce Goose") aircraft, and acquired and expanded Trans World Airlines which would later on merge with American Airlines. Hughes is also remembered for his eccentric behavior and reclusive lifestyle in later life, caused in part by a worsening obsessive–compulsive disorder and/or chronic pain. His legacy is maintained through the Howard Hughes Medical Institute."
哈佛大學的研究發現，不必每天都有值得慶祝的大事，很多快樂的小事累積起來的能量超過一件快樂的大事。我們過去都把幸福寄托在未來或別人身上：等我娶到她…；等我升到總經理…；等我存到一百萬…，研究發現這種大事帶給你的幸福感不及你每天都有幸福的小事，如能力被老闆肯定，同事愛戴你；吃到好吃的食物都會帶給你快樂，這些累積起來的快樂能量大於久久爆發一次的快樂能量。昨天下大雨，有個全身淋濕的警員告訴我，他在指揮交通時，有位女士把車窗搖下來，對他喊道：「辛苦你了！」他說，剎時疲累都不見了，相信對他說這句話的女士也是一樣快樂。
My comments: Those who want to bring happiness to others must be happy themselves.
最近美國很多企業在推「10＼5 Way」，即員工在看到同事十呎之內，要作眼睛的接觸；五呎之內要打招呼，他們發現員工因此快樂了許多，生產力和業績都提升了。
My comments: Let's practice this everywhere. In fact, I make it a point to greet everyone every morning when I enter the office. I even greet my students the moment I stepped in their classroom. I feel happy when doing so.
二○○八年一個研究發現對生活不滿意的員工，每個月要多請一點二五天的假，換算起來一年少了十五天的生產力；生活滿意度高的大賣場員工，每一平方公尺可以多做廿一美元的生意，一年就替老板多賺了三千二百萬元，這就難怪現在大老闆突然關心起員工的幸福了。
要增加自己的幸福並不難，研究發現每天花幾分鐘寫下三件你感恩的事；昨天所發生有意義的事；送一個正向的訊息給你的親友；運動十分鐘；冥想十分鐘，每天這樣練習，你的思想會導向樂觀，而且它完全不需要工具或設備就能做。有個公司發現四個月之後效力還在，沒有做幸福練習之前，它的生產力和職場快樂指數在卅五分的量表上是廿三，做了以後上升到廿七。
My comments: Today, I'd like to thank Ken (王慶剛), who visited me at around 10:30 this morning, for liking my suggestion: Be happy when you wake up in the morning just because you find yourself still alive. Also, I'd like to thank Classes 303 and 301 for questioning the correctness of the answer key. It indicated that they were thinking. I'm on their side. The third person I want to thank is my colleague Hua-tze (陳華姿老師), who helped clarify the Chinese instructions of an English writing task, though she had difficulty speaking because of a sore throat.
現在職場工作的壓力都很大，其實社會支持是抵抗壓力最有效的方式，它們的相關是.71，如果你知道抽煙和肺癌的相關才.37，你就知道社會支持有多重要了。
社會支持和幸福感，最重要的因素就是「給」（provider），從服務他人身上得到自我肯定與自我價值。
美國總統傑佛遜說：當蠟燭點燃另外一根蠟燭時，它自己沒有損失，但是房間卻更亮了。「給」才是幸福感最重要的因素。當你替別人著想、幫助別人時，別人快樂，你自己也幸福，這才是真正的雙贏。
My comments: When it comes to happiness, Matthieu Ricard, dubbed the happiest man in the world, suggests "looking inwards to find joy rather than relying on external conditions." To stay happy, he advocates, we should take the focus off ourselves and concentrate on showing compassion to others. Want to read more about Matthieu Ricard, the happiest man? Please click on the link.
http://www.rdasia.com/the-happiest-man-in-the-world/
（作者為中央大學認知神經科學研究所所長）
P.S. One more thing for me to be happy about--finding the article about Matthieu Ricard online.
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