2010年7月25日 星期日

Organize Your Knowledge--張祐瀚致勝法 彩圖筆記搞懂生硬學科

Every Saturday, the UDN runs a column on the study habits of those who got 75/75 ranking score on the SAT.

http://mag.udn.com/mag/campus/storypage.jsp?f_ART_ID=261259

張祐瀚致勝法 彩圖筆記搞懂生硬學科

【聯合報╱記者簡慧珍】2010/07/24

 



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「同學來借筆記影印,我一定出借,可是也建議他們,要做屬於自己的筆記才有用」,國立彰化高中畢業生張祐瀚今年學測滿級分,錄取陽明大學醫學系,他說,考前加強複習筆記內容,是得分致勝關鍵

My comments: By thinking and organizing what we've learned, we can retain the knowledge longer. I highly recommend using notecards because they are easier to organize. We can organize the cards in different orders, depending on the subject matter, which is put on the top of a notecard.

按表操課 做好專屬筆記

張祐瀚自擬讀書計畫表以段考、模擬考作為分期複習的階序,每天讀書不超過晚上12點,早上6點30分起床,「不熬夜,規律生活,可保持鮮活的記憶力」。高中3年他堅持按表操課,學測3個月前已經做好各科「專屬」的筆記。

My comments: When I was in high school, I went to bed before 12am and got up by 6:30. I seldom stayed up.

 

「爸爸是學電機的,對中草藥很感興趣」,張祐瀚說,爸爸每次帶全家出遊都會解說和觀察藥草,回家對照圖鑑做筆記,所以他念自然科、社會科也是畫圖表,「圖片學習比較快」,光從教材和參考書背定律、公式,獲得的印象很生硬。

My comments: When I teach the English tense, I draw a timeline.

For example, the sentence "When I arrived at the stop, the bus had left."

---x----------x---------------|------------------------------------>

had left   arrived     Now

Here's another example. "I will have got married by the time I get my PhD degree."

------------------------------|----------------------x--------x------->

                         Now    will have got    get

So far, this is the best way to explain questions about the tense.

自創口訣 配圖理解生物

生物科有很多名詞,張祐瀚自創口訣,例如碳、氫、氧、氮、磷、硫、鈣、鉀、鎂,前五種元素構成核酸,碳、氫、氧、氮、硫構成蛋白質,他編口訣「蛋白質核酸+該呷沒(鈣鉀鎂的諧音)」,讀的時候搭配圖案。張祐瀚從做實驗中記住化學公式與變化,物理科需要考量的點很多,先弄懂每個原則,再找基本題型加深對原則的理解,最後應用在變化題上,才能拿高分。

歷史編年 當故事書來讀

「我把歷史課本當故事書來讀」,張祐瀚畫出橫向編年紀事的圖表,同一格內記同一時期的中西方歷史大事,接下來有什麼事件則另記在另一格,不同顏色標示各格文字,一目瞭然。地理科的讀法類似歷史科,用彩圖分地區,他舉例說,瑞士有阿爾卑斯山、萊茵河,由此發展畜牧、船運及鐘表等產業,變成生活地理就不怕考題靈活

My comments: By doing so, we can get a whole picture of human culture.

讀完教科書,張祐瀚會參考聯合報的「新聞中的科學」、「新聞中的公民與社會」,前者可當作課外深化科學知識的輔助教材,後者隨時補充時事,可獲知法律常識,例如明星打離婚官司,原來男方也可以請求女方支付謄養費,「真是讓我大開眼界」。

熟讀選文 體會遣詞用字

一定要讀教育部公布的40篇選文」,選文的字詞、字彙與文章結構必有熟讀價值,張祐瀚以司馬遷描寫鴻門宴場景,形容樊噌「頭髮上指,目眥盡裂」為例,短短8字傳神表現威怒氣勢。除了選文,張祐瀚讀簡媜、張曉風的散文,體會名家遣詞用字之美;此外,他每天讀聯合報副刊一到兩篇優美小品文日積月累提高閱讀與寫作能力

My comments: Reading provides us with input, which forms the basis of output. I remember Mr. Wei (魏叔倫教授), a late professor of NTNU, once said, "Writing class is not where you learn English, but a stage for you to show how good your English is."

70%的英文單字有字首、字根,可閱讀坊間的英文字演變史,並利用零碎時間背誦每周從聯合報附送的The New York Times(紐時周報)挑一至兩篇喜愛的主題,查生字、熟悉英文課外文章,「我還有一個秘訣─報名參加英檢強迫自己閱讀」,張祐瀚說,這是滿好用的英文學習法。

My comments: Do both extensive and intensive reading. The best way to improve our reading ability is through reading, just like the learning of other skills such as swimming and typing.

notes by Mr. Chang

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